Heat-interchanging apparatus.



A. P. GRAMER & G. J. DIEDERIGH. HEAT INTERGHANGING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 27, 1906.

Patented Nov. 17, 1908.- 3 SHEETS- SHEET 1.

- pansion and contraction of the pipes, fre- -to the device as a condenser in the aforesaid larged broken view in vertical sectional elevation of a ortion of the condenser; Fig. 3,

ANTHONY F. CRAMER AND CHARLES/J.

'DIEDERIOH, or DETRo'I'r, MIoHiGAN.

imA'r-m'mncnAneme APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

Application filed February 27, 1906. Serial No. 808,159.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ANTHONY F. CRA- MER and CHARLES J. DIEDERICH, citizens of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Heat-Interchanging Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to an improvement in heat-interchanging apparatus of the class employed for condensers, brine-coolers, heaters, and the like.

\Ve have more especially devised our improvement, however, as an improvement in the class of multiple-pipe condensers adapted to be used as the refrigerating agent in ice or refri erating'machines; and for that reason the ollowing description is confined class. These condensers as hitherto provided, comprise a coil formed of doublepipes, consisting of an inner pipe for con: veying the water to be used for cooling the gas conveyed through asurrounding outer pipe, the gas being caused to travel in the opposite direction to that of the water. These so-called double-pipe condensers nccessitatc the use of stuffing-boxes for making gas-tight connections between the pipes. The stuffing-boxes under the severe strain to which they are subjected by the unequal exquently crack and break, thus impairing the condenser and rendering it necessary to em ty it for making repairs.

ur primary object is to provide a condenser which shall enable stuflin -boxes to be wholly dispensed with; and t is we accomplish b providing the tripleipe construction o condenser hereinafter escribed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Flgure 1 is a broken View in side elevation of our improved condenser; Fig. 2, an ena section ta en at the line 3 on Fig. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 4, an enlarged broken view in end elevation of the gas-inlet end of the condenser; Fig. 5, an enlarged broken view in sectional elevation at the gas-inlet end, taken at the line 5 on Fig. 4 and viewed in the direction of the arrow; and Fig. 6, a section taken at the line 6 on Fig. '5 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.

The condenser comprises a series of groups of triple concentric pipes A, each group of the pipes being composed of an inner pipe B,'an outer pipe C, and an intermediate pipe D. Each 0 the pipes C has secured upon one of its ends a male coupling ring C and upon its opposite end a similar ring C E, E are return-bend couplings each pro= vided with annular flanges E E at its ends and with vertical flanged extensions E E the latter forming seats at which the return-bends are secured together invertical series, as by bolts 6, the lowermost extension being bolted to .a standard e The returnbends E connect the outer pipes C at one end of the coil, in pairs, beginning with the second group A from the top, the return-bends being secured to the pipes G, as by bolts 0 passlng through the flanges E} and the ad acent rings C on the outer plpes.

The outer pipe Got the uppermost group is provided at its gas-inlet end with an elbow C instead of a return-bend, forming an inlet C" for the compressed gas to e condensed, the elbow' being secured at its flanged portion C to the ad]acent ring C on the outer pipe.

F, F are return-bend couplin s for con nectim theends of the outer pipes at the opposite end of the coil, each being rovided with lateral flanges F, F and wit flan ed vertical extensions F, the latter forming seats at which these return-bends are secured together to support the coil. Each return-bend F is also provided at its ends with tubular lateral extensions F F each of an internal diameter greater than the outside diameter of the intermediate pipe through and beyond which extension t e ends of the intermediate and inner pipes protrude, the return-bends F being secured to each pair of outer pi es in staggered relation to the return-hen s E, on their oppoprotruding ends and are fastened by rings G enigpging with the flanges F H are return-bends for connectin each inner pipe B with the intermediate pipe D of the next upper group, and each is provided at its upper end with a tubular head H of an internal diameter greater than the external diameter of the inner pi e which extends through and beyond it. iach return-bend H 15 secured at its tubular head IP, as by bolts to the ring G on the intermediate pipe of which the return-bend forms an extension, and each return-bend H is provided with a threaded lower end H into which the inner pipe, extending through the tubular head H of the next lower group of pipes, is screwed. The lowermost outer pipe C is provided at its gasroutlet end with an elbow C between the rings C and G on the lowermost outer and intermediate pipes, respectively. and terminates in a gas or liquid outlet C, the elbow being of an internal diameter greater than the outer diameter of the intermediate pipe, and provided with a tubular extension C through and beyond which the intermediate and inner pipes of that group protrude. The elbow C is also provided with vertical flanged extensions C the uppermost one of which forms a seat for the lowermost extension F on the lowermost bend F, and the lowermost one of which seats upon a standard i K is a tubular head beyond the ring G on the lowermost intermediate pipe, of an internal diameter greater than the external diameter of the inner pipe which extends through it, the head -K being closed at its outer end by a cap L screwed on the end of the inner pipe and fastened, as by bolts 9 to a flange 72 on the head. The head K is provided with an inlet-opening K adapted to be connected to any, suitable source of water supply, not shown, for supplying water through the head K and intermediate and inner pipes as will hereinafter be described. The uppermost inner pipe B is provided at its water-outlet end, beyond the tubular extension H surrounding it, with a Water-outlet pipe M screwed onto its pro-.

jecting end.

Each of the intermediate pipes at the gas- 1nlet end ot the coil is closed by a plug 2' and is sustained to render it free for longitudinal contraction and expansion independently of the outer pipe, on inwardly extend ng lugs c on the outer pi es. Each of the inner pipes at its end ad acent to the plugged end of the surrounding intermediatepipe reaches short of the plug i-and is susta1ned therein by lugs d on the intermediate pipe, adapting the inner pipe tocontract and expand longitudinally independently ot the intermediate pipe.

The operation of the condenser is as follows: Gas is admitted through the inlet (3* whence it passes between the outer and intermediate pipes of the upper group of pipes A to the uppermost return-bend F. Thence 1t passes in the opposite direction between the outer and intermediatepipes of the second group to the uppermost return-bend E and thence between the outer and interme-- diate pipes of the third group and through the outer pipes of the remainin groups until it reaches the gas-outlet C", where it is discharged in liquid condition owingto its subjection to cold water passing through the end of the intermediate pipe, thence into the open end of thesurrounded inner pipe, and through it to the lowermost return-bend H at the water-inlet end of the coil, thence upward through the return-bend H through its tubular head H and between the intermediate and inner pipes of the second lowermost group of pipes to the plugged end of the intermediate pipe, thence through the inner pipe of the same group, the water flowing as described through the intermediate and inner pipes of each surrounding group until finally discharged at the wateroutlet M.

It will be seen that by providing in each pipe-group or" the coil two concentric pipes for coursing the condensing water in contrary directionsthrough each gas-conducting pipe, we are enabled to dispense entirely with the objectionable stuffing-boxes referred to, thus attaining an important advantage by our triple-pipe condenser over the type known as the double-pipe condenser. Moreover, our improvement enables each of the inner and intermediate pipes to be loosely supported at one of its ends, whereby they are free to contract and expand independently of each other, so that no damage can result to the connection from the rapid changes of temperature to which they are subjected in use.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. A heat interchan 'n' v apparatus comprising a coil compose or a series of pipegroups, each group consisting of an inner pipe, an outer ipe and an intermediate pipe, each intermediate pipe being closed by a plug at one end and communicating thereat with the adjacent end of the inner pipe of the same group and connected at its opposite open end with the inner pipe of the next adjacent group, return-bends at one end of the'coil beyond the plugged ends of the intermediate pipes, connecting the outer pipes at one end of the coil, and return bends at the opposite end of the coil, through and beyond which the intermediate and inner pipes extend, for connecting the outer pipes at their opposite ends whereby a continuous passage through the outer pipes is provided, for the purpose set forth.

2. A heat interchanging apparatus comprising a coil provided with gas and water inlets and outlets and composed of a series of pipe-groups, each group consisting of an outer pipe, an inner pipe and an intermediate pipe, each intermediate pipe being lltt closed at one end and communicating thereat with the adjacent end of the inner pipe of the same group, return-bends beyond the closedtends of the intermediate pipes connecting the outer pipes at one end of the return-bends beyond said outer-pipe returnbends connecting the intermediate pipe of one group with the inner pipe of the next adjacent group throughout the series, for the purpose set forth.

3. A heat interchanging apparatus comprising a coil composed of a series of pipegroups, each consisting of an outer pipe, an inner pipe, and an intermediate pipe, a gasinlet at one end of the uppermost outer pipe, a water-outlet at one end of the inner pipe of the same group, a gas-outlet at one end of the lowermost outer pipes, and a water-inlet at one end of the lowermost intermediate pipe adjacent to the gas-outlet, each outer pipe being provided with rings on its opposite ends, each intermediate pipe belng closed at one end and communicating thereat with the adjacent end of the inner pipe of the same grou flanged return-bends beyond the close ends of the intermediate pipes each secured at its flanged portions to the adjacent rings on the outer pipes for connecting them at one end of the coil, flanged return-bends at the opposite end of the coil each secured at its flanged portions to the adjacent rings on the outer pipes for connecting them at their opposite ends, and through and beyond which last-named bends the intermediate and inner pipes extend, rings on the open ends of the intermediate pipes, flanged return bends each secured at one of its ends to the adjacent ring on the intermediate pipe and at its opposite end to the inner pipe of the next adjacent group of pipes for connecting the inner and intermediate ipes throughout the series, said intermediate and inner pipes being freely supported at their adjacent ends to permit longitudinal and independent expansion and contraction of thepipes, for the purpose set forth.

ANTHONY F. CRAMER. CHARLES J. DIEDERICH. In presence of A O. W. Buncnss, A. F. CRAMER, Jr. 

